Abstract
The emergence of pandemic H1N1/2009 influenza demonstrated that pandemic viruses could be generated in swine. Subsequent reintroduction of H1N1/2009 to swine has occurred in multiple countries. Through systematic surveillance of influenza viruses in swine from a Hong Kong abattoir, we characterize a reassortant progeny of H1N1/2009 with swine viruses. Swine experimentally infected with this reassortant developed mild illness and transmitted infection to contact animals. Continued reassortment of H1N1/2009 with swine influenza viruses could produce variants with transmissibility and altered virulence for humans. Global systematic surveillance of influenza viruses in swine is warranted.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Abattoirs
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Animals
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Disease Outbreaks
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Genes, Viral
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Genotype
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Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / genetics
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Hong Kong
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Humans
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Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / classification
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Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / genetics*
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Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / isolation & purification
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Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / pathogenicity
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Influenza A Virus, H1N2 Subtype / classification
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Influenza A Virus, H1N2 Subtype / genetics
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Influenza A Virus, H1N2 Subtype / isolation & purification
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Influenza, Human / epidemiology
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Influenza, Human / virology
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Neuraminidase / genetics
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Orthomyxoviridae Infections / epidemiology
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Orthomyxoviridae Infections / transmission
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Orthomyxoviridae Infections / veterinary*
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Orthomyxoviridae Infections / virology
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Phylogeny
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Population Surveillance
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Reassortant Viruses / classification
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Reassortant Viruses / genetics*
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Reassortant Viruses / isolation & purification
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Swine / virology*
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Swine Diseases / epidemiology
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Swine Diseases / transmission
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Swine Diseases / virology*
Substances
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H1N1 virus hemagglutinin
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Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus
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Neuraminidase