Abstract
Two nontoxic, antimicrobial nanoemulsions, BCTP and BCTP 401, have been developed. These emulsions are composed of detergents and oils in 80% water. BCTP diluted up to 1:1000 inactivated>90% of Bacillus anthracis spores in 4 h and was also sporicidal against three other Bacillus species. This sporicidal activity is due to disruption of the spore coat after initiation of germination without complete outgrowth. BCTP 401 diluted 1:1000 had greater activity than BCTP against Bacillus spores and had an onset of action of <30 min. Mixing BCTP or BCTP 401 with Bacillus cereus prior to subcutaneous injection in mice reduced the resulting skin lesion by 99%. Wound irrigation with BCTP 1 h after spore inoculation yielded a 98% reduction in skin lesion size, and mortality was reduced 3-fold. These nanoemulsion formulas are stable, easily dispersed, nonirritant, and nontoxic compared with other available sporicidal agents.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / toxicity
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Bacillaceae Infections / drug therapy
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Bacillus / drug effects*
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Bacillus / physiology
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Bacillus cereus / drug effects
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Colony Count, Microbial
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Disease Models, Animal
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Emulsions
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Glycerides / pharmacology*
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Glycerides / therapeutic use
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Glycerides / toxicity
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Humans
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Mice
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Microscopy, Electron
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Octoxynol / pharmacology*
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Octoxynol / therapeutic use
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Octoxynol / toxicity
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Organophosphates / pharmacology*
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Organophosphates / therapeutic use
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Organophosphates / toxicity
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Polysorbates / pharmacology*
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Polysorbates / therapeutic use
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Polysorbates / toxicity
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Soybean Oil / pharmacology*
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Soybean Oil / therapeutic use
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Soybean Oil / toxicity
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Spores, Bacterial / drug effects*
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Surface-Active Agents / pharmacology*
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Surface-Active Agents / therapeutic use
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Surface-Active Agents / toxicity
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Wound Infection / drug therapy
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Wound Infection / microbiology
Substances
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Anti-Bacterial Agents
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BCTP 401 nanoemulsion
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BCTP nanoemulsion
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Emulsions
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Glycerides
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Organophosphates
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Polysorbates
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Surface-Active Agents
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Soybean Oil
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Octoxynol