Table 1. Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Several Sulfonamides
Sulfonamide |
Adult Dose |
Peak Level (μg/mL) |
T½ |
Protein Binding |
Risk of Crystalluria |
Sulfisoxazole |
4-8 g/day |
120-200 |
4-6 h |
85% |
Low |
Sulfamethoxazole |
2-3 g/day |
60-80 |
5-15 h |
65% |
Low |
Sulfadiazine |
2-4 g/day |
50-100 |
6-16 h |
55% |
Moderate |
Sulfadoxine |
500 mg/week |
50-75 |
5-10 day |
95% |
Low |
Sulfasalazine |
2-4 g/day |
10-25 |
4-7 h |
See sulfapyridine |
Low |
Sulfapyridine |
See sulfasalazine |
15-45 |
6-9 h |
25% |
High |
Figure 1. Structures of clinically useful sulfonamides.