Table 1.  In vitro susceptibilities of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitansa 

Antibiotic

n

Range

MIC50

MIC90

Breakpointb

% Susceptible

Reference

Amikacin

24

0.8->25

6.25

25

 

 

73

Amikacin

14

3.1-12.5

3.1

12.5

 

 

25

Gentamicin

14

1.6-6.25

3.1

6.25

 

 

25

Gentamicin

20

0.1-10

 

 

 

 

19

Streptomycin

37

0.75-12.5

1.5

3

 

 

48

Tobramycin

14

1.6-3.1

3.1

3.1

 

 

25

Tobramycin

5

2.0-3.3

2.5

3

 

 

51

Amoxycillin

16

0.5-16

2

16

 

 

16

Amoxycillin

50

0.06-8

0.25

2

 

 

36

Amoxycillin

73

0.12-2.0

0.5

1.0

 

49

Amoxycillin clavulanate

50

0.06-8

0.25

2

< 4/2

 

36

Amoxycillin clavulanate

<14

0.06-0.5

0.25

0.5

< 4/2

100

22

Ampicillin

<14

0.06-0.5

0.25

0.5

<1

100

22

Ampicillin

24

<0.1->25

1.6

25

<1

 

73

Ampicillin

59

1-128

4

128

<1

5

60

Ampicillin

37

0.37->100

>100

>100

<1

 

48

Penicillin

37

0.75->100

>100

>100

 

 

48

Penicillin

59

1-128

4

64

 

 

60

Penicillin

14

0.8->100

3.1

6.25

 

 

25

Penicillin

24

<0.1->25

3.1

12.5

 

 

73

Penicillin

16

1-8

8

8

 

 

16

Penicillin

50

0.12-8

2

8

 

 

36

Penicillin

73

0.5-8.0

2.0

4.0

 

 

49

Carbenicillin

59

0.1-128

0.1

32

 

 

60

Carbenicillin

14

0.4->100

0.4

3.1

 

 

25

Mezlocillin

14

0.8->100

1.6

3.1

 

 

25

Piperacillin

24

0.4->25

12.5

>25

 

 

73

Ticarcillin

24

0.2->25

6.2

12.5

 

 

73

Ticarcillin

14

0.4->100

0.8

3.1

 

 

25

Ticarcillin

5

0.25-0.5

0.38

 

 

 

34

Cefadroxyl

<14

0.25-16

8

16

 

 

22

Cefamandole

14

0.8->100

3.1

3.1

<4

93

25

Cefazolin

14

0.8->100

1.6

1.6

 

 

25

Cefdinir

5

0.047-0.19

0.125

 

<1

100

34

Cefepime

5

0.064-0.25

0.19

 

<2

100

34

Cefixime

50

0.3-2.2

 

0.8

<1

 

51

Cefotaxime

14

0.1->100

0.4

0.4

<2

93

25

Cefotaxime

5

0.023-0.064

0.032

 

<2

100

34

Cefotaxime

20

0.02-0.5

 

 

<2

100

19

Cefoxitin

14

0.4->100

1.6

6.25

 

 

25

Cefoxitin

5

0.25-1.5

1

 

 

 

34

Cefoxitin

20

0.2-4

 

 

 

 

19

Cefpirome

5

0.064-0.25

0.125

0.125

 

 

34

Cefpodoxime

5

0.032-0.19

0.125

 

<2

100

34

Cefprozil

5

0.38-3

1.5

 

<8

100

34

Cefradine

14

12.5-100

12.5

25

 

 

25

Ceftazidime

5

0.064-0.25

0.125

 

<2

100

34

Ceftibuten

5

0.023-0.19

0.032

 

<2

100

34

Ceftriaxone

24

<0.1-3.1

0.2

1.6

<2

73

Ceftriaxone

5

0.006-0.023

0.006

 

<2

100

34

Cefuroxime

<14

0.6-2

0.25

2

<4

100

22

Cefuroxime

14

0.4->100

0.4

1.6

<4

93

25

Cefuroxime

5

0.125-0.38

0.19

 

<4

100

34

Cephalexin

14

6.25->100

6.25

12.5

 

 

25

Cephalexin

<14

0.5-16

4

8

 

 

22

Cephalothin

14

0.4->100

0.8

1.6

 

 

25

Cephapirin

24

<0.1-6.2

0.4

3.1

 

 

73

Imipenem

5

0.25-0.75

0.38

 

<4

100

34

Meropenem

5

0.064-0.19

0.125

 

<0.5

100

34

Chloramphenicol

24

0.4-6.2

0.8

3.1

<2

 

73

Chloramphenicol

37

<0.3-1.5

0.75

1.5

<2

100

48

Chloramphenicol

59

1-2

1

1

<2

100

60

Ciprofloxacin

50

0.001-0.02

 

0.01

<1

100

51

Ciprofloxacin

16

<0.125-0.5

<0.125

0.25

<1

100

16

Ciprofloxacin

50

0.01-0.08

0.03

0.03

<1

100

36

Enoxacin

11

<0.03-1

0.12

0.5

 

 

41

Ofloxacin

<14

<0.03-0.25

0.06

0.06

<2

100

22

Ofloxacin

11

<0.03-0.125

0.06

0.06

<2

100

41

Tosufloxacin

11

<0.50

<0.50

<0.50

 

 

41

Azithromycin

79

<0.25-2

1

2

<4

100

50

Azithromycin

73

0.06-2.0

1.0

1.0

<4

100

49

Clarithromycin

50

1-16

4

16

<8

 

36

Clarithromycin

87

0.12-8

0.5

2

<8

100

53

Erythromycin

11

1-32

2

16

 

 

41

Erythromycin

59

0.1-128

8

32

 

 

60

Erythromycin

79

0.5-8

4

8

 

 

50

Erythromycin

50

0.25-128

2

4

 

 

36

Erythromycin

87

0.5-32

2

16

 

 

53

Spiramycin

50

0.25-128

32

64

 

 

36

Pristinamycin

50

0.5-2

1

2

 

 

36

Clindamycin

11

0.25->64

4

>64

 

 

41

Clindamycin

14

1.6-12.5

6.25

12.5

 

 

25

Clindamycin

59

2-128

32

128

 

 

60

Clindamycin

16

1->16

16

>16

 

 

16

Rifampicin

24

<0.1-3.1

0.8

1.6

<1

 

73

Rifampicin

5

0.094-2

0.75

 

<1

 

34

Rifampicin

14

0.2-0.8

0.4

0.8

<1

100

25

Doxycycline

16

0.5-4

2

4

 

 

16

Doxycycline

14

0.4-3.1

1.6

3.1

 

 

25

Minocycline

59

0.1-4

1

1

 

 

60

Minocycline

14

0.2-1.6

0.8

1.6

 

 

25

Minocycline

11

0.125-4

0.25

2

 

 

41

Tetracycline

59

0.1-1

0.1

1

<2

100

60

Tetracycline

37

0.37-3.1

3.1

3.1

<2

 

48

Tetracycline

14

0.4-1.6

1.8

1.6

<2

100

25

Tetracycline

11

0.5-8

1

4

<2

 

41

Tetracycline

24

0.2-12.5

0.8

3.1

<2

 

73

Tetracycline

50

0.03-16

0.25

0.5

<2

 

36

Tetracycline

73

0.24-4.0

1.0

1.0

<2

 

49

Trimethoprim/

Sulfamethoxazole

20

0.08-5

 

 

<0.5/9.5

 

19

Trimethoprim/

Sulfamethoxazole

5

0.023-0.125

0.047

 

<0.5/9.5

100

34

Trimethoprim/

Sulfamethoxazole

14

0.2-1.6

0.8

1.6

<0.5/9.5

 

25

Metronidazole

11

8->64

64

>64

 

 

41

Metronidazole

16

8-32

16

>32

 

 

16

Metronidazole

50

32->512

64

128

 

 

36

Metronidazole

59

0.1-64

0.1

16

 

 

60

Metronidazole

73

0.25-128

16

16

 

 

49

Ornidazole

50

1->512

4

16

 

 

36

Tinidazole

14

0.4->100

0.4

1.6

 

 

25

a Modified from (16, 22, 25, 34, 36, 41, 48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 60, 73).
b Current NCCLS susceptible MIC interpretive standards for Haemophilus spp. (µg/mL) (46)