Table 1. Animal Sources of Pasteurella Species.
Animals from which Pasteurella
species have been isolated
Animal sources of Pasteurella implicated in human disease
Dog
Cat
Tiger
Lion
Panther
Lynx
Cattle
Buffalo
Bison
Sheep
Reindeer
Tortoise
Horse
Pig
Mouse
Rat
Mink
Rabbit
Guinea pig
Syrian hamster
Wild birds and raptors
Fowl
Monkey
Dog
Wolf
Cat
Tiger
Lion
Panther
Cattle
Horse
Pig
Rabbit
Guinea pig
Opossum
Tasmanian devil
Bird
Fish
(References: 9, 14, 22, 25, 31, 43, 59, 73, 86, 100-101, 119, 125, 139-135)
Table 2. Human Diseases Associated with Various Pasteurella Species.
Skin and Soft Tissue Infection
Serious Invasive Disease
bites
Cardiovascular System
cellulitis
bacteremia
abscess
septic shock
open wound infection
endocarditis
pericarditis
Bone and Joint Infection
Central Nervous System
osteomyelitis
brain abscess
septic arthritis
meningitis
bursitis
subdural empyema
tenosynovitis
Gastrointestinal Tract
peritonitis
Oral and Respiratory Infection
omental and peritoneal abscess
tonsillitis
liver abscess
sinusitis
spleen abscess
pharyngitis
Genitourinary Tract
bronchitis
renal abscess
tracheobronchitis
vaginitis
epiglottitis
cervicitis
mastoiditis
Bartholin gland abscess
pneumonia
urinary tract infection
empyema
cystitis
submandibular abscess
pyelonephritis
otitis media
infected ileal loop
Ludwig’s angina
epididymitis
pulmonary fibrosis
salpingitis
tubo-ovarian abscess
chorioamnionitis
opuerperal infection
in utero infection
Ocular
endophthalmitis
conjunctivitis
keratitis
corneal ulcer
(References: 2-3, 11, 16, 20, 24, 27, 31, 34, 39, 41, 69, 71, 73, 77, 83-84, 90, 105, 108, 114-115, 122, 130-131, 136, 140, 144)
Table 3. New Taxonomic Classification of Pasteurella Species.
Proposed species of
Pasteurella sensu stricto
Comment
Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida
most common isolate, especially from cat bites; may produce a toxin
Pasteurella multocida subsp. septica
associated with more serious infections including meningitis
Pasteurella multocida subsp. gallicida
animal pathogen
Pasteurella dagmatis
prior Pasteurella "gas" - Pasteurella new species 1 - Pasteurella pneumotropica type Henriksen group; isolated from dogs and cats, as well as human bite wound infections
Pasteurella gallinarum
Pasteurella canis
prior P. multocida biotype 6 ("dog type" strains); biotype 1 isolated from dogs and dog bite wounds (indole positive); biotype 2 isolated from calves (indole negative); may produce a toxin
Pasteurella stomatis
isolated from the respiratory tracts of dogs and cats
Pasteurella avium
prior Haemophilus avium; V-factor requirement varies; isolated from chickens and calves
Pasteurella volantium
prior Haemophilus avium; V-factor required; isolated from domestic fowl and humans
Pasteurella anatis
Bisgaard taxon 1; isolated from the intestinal tracts of ducks
Pasteurella langaa
Bisgaard taxon 4; isolated from the respiratory tract of chickens
Pasteurella species A (provisional)
prior Haemophilus avium; V-factor required
Pasteurella species B (provisional)
unknown clinical significance; includes dulcitol positive strains of P. multocida biotype 6
Species with low homology to
Pasteurella sensu stricto
Comment
Pasteurella testudinis
more closely related to Actinobacillus group
Pasteurella pneumotropica
more closely related to Actinobacillus group
prior Pasteurella ureae
currently Actinobacillus ureae
Pasteurella haemolytica complex
Proposed genus Mannheimia: M. haemolytica, M. glucosida, M. ruminalis, M. granulomatis, M. varigena
Pasteurella aerogenes
taxonomic position unknown
Pasteurella bettyae
prior P. bettii, Pasteurella biotype 1, CDC Group HB-5; isolated from human Bartholin gland abscesses and human finger infections; taxonomic position unknown
Pasteurella caballi
first isolated from horses
Pasteurella "SP" Group
isolated from guinea pigs
Pasteurella lymphangitidis
bovine lymphangitis group, isolated from lymphangitis in cattle; taxonomic position unknown
Pasteurella mairi
associated with swine abortion
Pasteurella trehalosi
associated with septicemia in lambs; low DNA homology with accepted Pasteurella species, but 16S rRNA sequence homology clusters with Pasteurella species
(References: 4, 9, 28, 30, 100-102, 119, 124-125)
Table 4. Summary Of The Activity Of The Various Antimicrobial Agents Against Pasteurella Species.*
b-Lactams (Penicillins) and b-Lactam plus b-Lactam Inhibitors
Antimicrobial Agent
Reference
#
Species
MIC50
MIC90
Range
Penicillin G
5
82
0.25
0.25
0.125 - 0.5
58
20
P. multocida
0.1
45
20
P. multocida
0.125
0.125
£0.03 - 0.125
46
16
P. multocida
0.125
0.25
£0.03 - 0.25
61
29
Pasteurella sp.
0.125
0.5
£0.03 - 32
47
55
Pasteurella sp.
0.06
0.06
0.03 - 0.5
60
22
P. multocida
£0.06
0.25
<0.06 - 32
123
13-15
P. multocida
0.8
127
14
P. multocida
1.6
140
19
P. multocida
0.125
0.125
53, 54
11
P. canis
0.125
0.125
0.03 - 0.125
53, 54
10
P. dagmatis
0.06
0.125
0.03 - 0.125
53, 54
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.125
0.25
0.06 - 0.25
53, 54
15
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.125
0.125
0.06 - 0.125
53, 54
11
P. stomatis
0.06
0.125
£0.015 - 0.06
56
15
P. dagmatis - P. canis group
0.125
0.125
£0.06 - 0.25
56
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.25
0.25
0.125 - 0.25
56
11
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.25
0.25
0.125 - 0.25
57
24
P. canis
0.06
0.125
0.02 - 0.125
57
12
P. dagmatis
0.06
0.125
0.02 - 0.125
57
61
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.125
0.125
0.03 - 0.125
57
45
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.125
0.125
0.02 - 0.125
57
21
P. stomatis
0.06
0.06
0.02 - 0.125
57
19
Pasteurella sp.
0.125
>8
0.06 - >8
Penicillin VK
140
15
P. multocida
0.25
0.5
Amoxicillin
5
82
P. multocida
0.125
0.25
0.06 - 0.25
Amoxicillin/
Clavulanate
58
20
P. multocida
0.2
45
20
P. multocida
0.125
0.25
£0.03 - 0.5
46
16
P. multocida
0.25
0.25
0.125 - 0.25
55, 56
15
P. dagmatis - P. canis group
0.125
0.25
£0.06 - 0.25
55, 56
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.25
0.25
0.125 - 0.25
55, 56
11
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.25
0.25
0.125 - 0.25
57
24
P. canis
0.125
0.25
0.02 - 0.25
57
12
P. dagmatis
0.125
0.25
0.02 - 0.25
57
61
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.25
0.25
0.125 - 0.25
57
45
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.25
0.25
0.06 - 0.25
57
21
P. stomatis
0.125
0.25
0.02 - 0.25
57
19
Pasteurella sp.
0.125
0.25
0.02 - 0.25
51, 52
30
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.25
0.25
0.06 - 0.25
51, 52
43
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.25
0.5
0.06 - 0.5
51, 52
21
P. canis
0.125
0.25
0.03 - 0.25
51
11
P. dagmatis
0.125
0.25
0.06 - 0.25
51, 52
19
P. stomatis
0.125
0.25
0.06 - 0.25
51, 52
7
P. haemolytica
0.06
0.06 - 0.25
51, 52
17
Pasteurella sp.
0.25
0.25
0.06 - 0.25
Ampicillin
58
20
P. multocida
0.2
45
20
P. multocida
0.125
0.25
£0.03 - 0.25
123
13-15
P. multocida
0.2
127
14
P. multocida
0.8
140
19
P. multocida
0.25
0.25
50
31
Pasteurella sp.
0.06
0.125
£0.016 - 0.125
Ampicillin/
Sulbactam
55, 56
15
P. dagmatis - P. canis group
0.125
0.125
£0.06 - 0.25
55, 56
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.25
0.25
0.125 - 0.25
55, 56
11
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.25
0.25
0.25
53
11
P. canis
0.125
0.125
0.03 - 0.125
53
10
P. dagmatis
0.06
0.125
0.06 - 0.125
53
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.125
0.25
0.125 - 0.25
53
15
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.125
0.125
0.06 - 0.125
53
11
P. stomatis
0.06
0.125
0.06 - 0.125
57
24
P. canis
0.125
0.125
0.02 - 0.25
57
12
P. dagmatis
0.125
0.125
0.06 - 0.125
57
61
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.25
0.25
0.06 - 0.25
57
45
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.25
0.25
0.06 - 0.25
57
21
P. stomatis
0.06
0.125
0.02 - 0.25
57
19
Pasteurella sp.
0.125
0.25
0.02 - 2
Dicloxacillin
123
13-15
P. multocida
6.2
127
14
P. multocida
12.5
140
19
P. multocida
8
16
Oxacillin
60
22
P. multocida
1
8
<0.06 - >64
55
15
P. dagmatis - P. canis group
2
4
0.5 - 4
55
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
2
2
1 - 4
55
11
P. multocida ssp. septica
2
2
1 - 4
Nafcillin
140
19
P. multocida
4
4
Ticarcillin
140
19
P. multocida
0.5
0.5
Ticarcillin/
Clavulanate
55
15
P. dagmatis - P. canis group
0.06
0.06
£0.015 - 0.125
55
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.06
0.0125
£0.015 - 0.125
55
11
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.125
0.125
0.03 - 0.125
Piperacillin/
Tazobactam
55
15
P. dagmatis - P. canis group
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
55
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
55
11
P. multocida ssp. septica
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
Mezlocillin
140
19
P. multocida
0.06
0.125
Carbapenems
Antimicrobial Agent
Reference
#
Species
MIC50
MIC90
Range
Ertapenem
55
15
P. dagmatis - P. canis group
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
55
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
55
11
P. multocida ssp. septica
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
Cephalosporins and Other Cephems
Antimicrobial Agent
Reference
#
Species
MIC50
MIC90
Range
Cefalexin
58
20
P. multocida
4
45
20
P. multocida
4
4
0.25 - 4
61
29
Pasteurella sp.
2
2
0.5 - 16
60
22
P. multocida
0.25
1
£0.06 - 2
74
35
P. multocida
2.56
5.12
1.28 - 10.24
123
13-15
P. multocida
3.1
127
14
P. multocida
6.3
140
19
P. multocida
4
16
Cephalothin
46
16
P. multocida
0.25
0.25
0.125 - 25
140
19
P. multocida
2
4
Cefadroxil
58
20
P. multocida
8
45
20
P. multocida
4
8
0.5 - 16
61
29
Pasteurella sp.
4
4
0.06 - 8
74
35
P. multocida
5.12
10.24
5.12 - 20.48
Cefaclor
5
82
P. multocida
2
8
1 - 8
74
35
P. multocida
0.64
2.56
0.32 - 2.56
140
19
P. multocida
4
32
Cephapirin
140
19
P. multocida
0.5
2
Cefazolin
140
19
P. multocida
1
2
Cefoxitin
140
15
P. multocida
1
2
57
24
P. canis
0.5
0.5
0.02 - 1
57
12
P. dagmatis
0.25
0.5
0.125 - 0.5
57
61
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.5
1
0.25 - 1
57
45
P. multocida ssp. septica
1
1
0.25 - 1
57
21
P. stomatis
0.5
0.5
0.25 - 1
57
19
Pasteurella sp.
0.5
1
0.25 - 2
Cefamandole
140
19
P. multocida
0.125
1
Cefepime
55
15
P. dagmatis - P. canis group
0.03
0.03
£0.015 - 0.125
55
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.06
0.125
0.03 - 0.125
55
11
P. multocida ssp. septica
1
0.125
0.03 - 0.125
Cefuroxime
5
82
P. multocida
0.125
0.25
0.125 - 1
58
20
P. multocida
0.25
45
20
P. multocida
0.125
0.25
£0.03 - 0.25
47
55
Pasteurella sp.
0.06
0.06
0.016 - 0.125
74
35
P. multocida
0.16
1.28
0.08 - 2.56
53
11
P. canis
0.06
0.125
0.03 - 0.125
53
10
P. dagmatis
0.03
0.06
£0.015 - 0.06
53
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.125
0.5
0.06 - 0.5
53
15
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.125
0.125
0.06 - 0.125
53
11
P. stomatis
0.03
0.06
£0.015 - 0.06
Cefotaxime
5
82
P. multocida
0.06
0.125
<0.03 - 0.125
140
19
P. multocida
0.06
0.06
50
31
Pasteurella sp.
£0.016
£0.016
£0.016 - 0.016
53
11
P. canis
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
53
10
P. dagmatis
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
53
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
£0.015
0.03
£0.015 - 0.03
53
15
P. multocida ssp. septica
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
53
11
P. stomatis
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
Ceftriaxone
5
82
P. multocida
0.06
0.125
£0.03 - 0.125
55
15
P. dagmatis - P. canis group
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
55
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
55
11
P. multocida ssp. septica
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
Cefixime
5
82
P. multocida
0.03
0.06
£0.03 - 0.5
Cefpodoxime
5
82
P. multocida
0.03
0.06
<0.03 - 0.125
47
55
Pasteurella sp.
0.03
0.03
0.016 - 0.06
50
31
Pasteurella sp.
0.03
0.03
£0.016 - 0.06
Cefprozil
61
29
Pasteurella sp.
0.25
0.5
0.125 - 8
Cefotetan
55, 56
15
P. dagmatis - P. canis group
0.125
0.125
£0.06 - 0.25
55, 56
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.25
0.25
0.125 - 0.25
55, 56
11
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.25
0.25
0.125 - 0.25
Loracarbef
61
29
Pasteurella sp.
0.25
0.25
0.06 - 1
Cefcanel
74
35
P. multocida
0.08
0.32
0.08 - 0.64
Moxalactam
140
19
P. multocida
0.25
0.25
Macrolides/Ketolides
Antimicrobial Agent
Reference
#
Species
MIC50
MIC90
Range
Erythromycin
46
16
P. multocida
2
4
1 - 4
61
29
Pasteurella sp.
2
4
0.5 - 4
60
22
P. multocida
1
4
£0.06 - >32
123
13-15
P. multocida
3.1
127
14
P. multocida
3.1
140
19
P. multocida
4
8
50
31
Pasteurella sp.
4
4
1 - 4
53, 54
11
P. canis
2
2
1 - 2
53, 54
10
P. dagmatis
1
2
0.25 - 2
53, 54
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
2
2
0.25 - 2
53, 54
15
P. multocida ssp. septica
2
2
1 - 2
53, 54
11
P. stomatis
0.5
2
0.5 - 2
Clarithromycin
46
16
P. multocida
2
2
1-2
47
55
Pasteurella sp.
1
2
0.125 - 8
50
31
Pasteurella sp.
2
2
0.25 - 4
53
11
P. canis
4
4
2 - 4
53
10
P. dagmatis
1
4
0.25 - 4
53
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
4
8
0.125 - 8
53
15
P. multocida ssp. septica
4
8
2 - 8
53
11
P. stomatis
2
4
0.5 - 4
51
30
P. multocida ssp. multocida
2
2
0.125 - 4
51
43
P. multocida ssp. septica
2
2
0.25 - 4
51
21
P. canis
1
2
1 - 2
51
11
P. dagmatis
1
2
0.125 - 2
51
19
P. stomatis
1
2
0.5 - 2
51
7
P. haemolytica
2
1 - 4
51
17
Pasteurella sp.
2
2
1 - 4
Azithromycin
61
29
Pasteurella sp.
1
2
0.25 - 2
47
55
Pasteurella sp.
0.125
0.25
0.03 - 0.5
50
31
Pasteurella sp.
1
1
0.06 - 1
53, 54
11
P. canis
0.5
0.5
0.25 - 0.5
53, 54
10
P. dagmatis
0.25
0.5
0.06 - 0.5
53, 54
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.5
0.5
0.06 - 1
53, 54
15
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.5
0.5
0.5
53, 54
11
P. stomatis
0.25
0.5
0.125 - 0.5
51
30
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.5
1
0.125 - 1
51
43
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.5
1
0.125 - 1
51
21
P. canis
0.25
0.25
0.125 - 0.25
51
11
P. dagmatis
0.125
0.5
£0.03 - 0.5
51
19
P. stomatis
0.25
0.5
0.06 - 0.5
51
7
P. haemolytica
1
0.5 - 1
51
17
Pasteurella sp.
.05
1
0.25 - 1
Roxithromycin
53
11
P. canis
4
4
2 - 4
53
10
P. dagmatis
1
4
0.5 - 4
53
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
4
8
0.5 - 8
53
15
P. multocida ssp. septica
4
8
4 - 8
53
11
P. stomatis
2
4
0.5 - 4
RU-64004
50
31
P. multocida
0.5
0.5
0.06 - 0.5
Telithromycin
50
31
P. multocida
1
1
0.125 - 1
ABT-773
53
11
P. canis
0.5
0.5
0.5 - 1
53
10
P. dagmatis
0.25
0.5
0.125 - 1
53
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
1
1
0.125 - 2
53
15
P. multocida ssp. septica
1
1
0.5 - 1
53
11
P. stomatis
0.5
1
0.125 - 1
Clindamycin
123
13-15
P. multocida
25
127
14
P. multocida
25
140
19
P. multocida
16
32
51
30
P. multocida ssp. multocida
32
>32
8 - >32
51
43
P. multocida ssp. septica
32
>32
8 - >32
51
21
P. canis
32
32
4 - >32
51
11
P. dagmatis
32
32
2 - 32
51
19
P. stomatis
32
32
2 - >32
51
7
P. haemolytica
16
2 - 16
51
17
Pasteurella sp.
32
32
2 - 32
Tetracyclines
Antimicrobial Agent
Reference
#
Species
MIC50
MIC90
Range
Doxycycline
61
29
Pasteurella sp.
0.125
0.125
£0.125 - 0.5
47
55
Pasteurella sp.
0.06
0.125
0.03 - 0.5
55, 56
15
P. dagmatis - P. canis group
0.125
0.125
0.125 - 0.25
55, 56
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.125
0.125
0.125 - 0.25
55, 56
11
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.125
0.125
0.125 - 0.25
57
24
P. canis
0.125
0.125
0.05 - 0.25
57
12
P. dagmatis
0.125
0.125
0.125 - 0.25
57
61
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.125
0.125
0.05 - 0.25
57
45
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.125
0.125
0.06 - 0.25
57
21
P. stomatis
0.125
0.25
0.125 - 0.25
57
19
Pasteurella sp.
0.5
>8
0.125 - >8
53
11
P. canis
0.125
0.25
0.125 - 0.25
53
10
P. dagmatis
0.25
0.25
0.125 - 0.5
53
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.25
0.25
0.125 - 0.25
53
15
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.125
0.125
0.125 - 0.25
53
11
P. stomatis
0.25
0.25
0.125 - 0.25
Tetracycline
58
20
P. multocida
0.5
45
20
P. multocida
0.5
0.5
0.25 - 1
46
16
P. multocida
0.5
0.5
0.25 - 1
123
13-15
P. multocida
0.8
127
14
P. multocida
0.09
140
19
P. multocida
0.25
0.5
50
31
Pasteurella sp.
0.25
0.5
0.125 - 1
53, 54
11
P. canis
0.125
0.25
0.125 - 0.25
53, 54
10
P. dagmatis
0.25
0.25
0.125 - 0.5
53, 54
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.25
0.25
0.125 - 0.25
53, 54
15
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.25
0.25
0.125 - 0.25
53, 54
11
P. stomatis
0.25
0.5
0.125 - 0.5
Minocycline
60
22
P. multocida
0.25
0.25
£0.06 - 4
140
19
P. multocida
0.25
0.25
54
11
P. canis
0.125
0.125
0.06 - 0.125
54
10
P. dagmatis
0.125
0.125
0.06 - 0.125
54
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.06
0.125
0.03 - 0.125
54
15
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.06
0.125
0.06 - 0.125
54
11
P. stomatis
0.06
0.125
0.03 - 0.125
GAR-936
54
11
P. canis
0.06
0.06
0.06
54
10
P. dagmatis
0.06
0.06
0.03 - 0.06
54
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.06
0.06
0.06
54
15
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.06
0.06
0.06
54
11
P. stomatis
0.06
0.125
0.03 - 0.125
Quinolones
Antimicrobial Agent
Reference
#
Species
MIC50
MIC90
Range
Ciprofloxacin
45
20
P. multocida
£0.03
<0.03
£0.03
46
16
P. multocida
£0.03
£0.03
£0.03
61
29
Pasteurella sp.
0.008
0.015
£0.005 - 0.125
49
54
Pasteurella sp.
0.004
0.004
0.002 - 0.008
47
55
Pasteurella sp.
0.008
0.008
0.002 - 0.016
55, 56
15
P. dagmatis - P. canis group
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
55, 56
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
55, 56
11
P. multocida ssp. septica
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
52
30
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.016
0.016
0.004 - 0.03
52
43
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.016
0.016
0.004 - 0.03
52
21
P. canis
0.004
0.008
0.002 - 0.016
52
19
P. stomatis
0.008
0.016
0.004 - 0.016
52
7
P. haemolytica
0.016
0.016 - 0.03
52
17
Pasteurella sp.
0.016
0.03
0.004 - 0.03
Ofloxacin
45
20
P. multocida
£0.03
0.06
£0.03 - 0.25
46
16
P. multocida
£0.03
0.06
£0.03 - 0.06
61
29
Pasteurella sp.
0.03
0.06
£0.015 - 0.125
49
54
Pasteurella sp.
0.016
0.03
0.008 - 0.06
47
55
Pasteurella sp.
0.016
0.03
0.008 - 0.06
Enoxacin
45
20
P. multocida
0.12
0.5
<0.03 - 0.5
Sparfloxacin
46
16
P. multocida
£0.03
£0.03
£0.03 - £0.03
61
29
Pasteurella sp.
0.004
0.008
£0.004 - 0.015
49
54
Pasteurella sp.
0.002
0.004
0.001 - 0.016
47
55
Pasteurella sp.
0.002
0.004
0.001 - 0.016
52
30
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.008
0.008
0.004 - 0.008
52
43
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.008
0.016
0.002 - 0.016
52
21
P. canis
0.008
0.016
£0.001 - 0.016
52
19
P. stomatis
0.004
0.008
0.002 - 0.008
52
7
P. haemolytica
0.016
0.016 - 0.03
52
17
Pasteurella species
0.008
0.06
0.002 - 0.06
Grepafloxacin
52
30
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.004
0.008
0.004 - 0.008
52
43
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.008
0.016
0.004 - 0.016
52
21
P. canis
0.004
0.016
£0.001 - 0.016
52
19
P. stomatis
0.004
0.008
0.002 - 0.016
52
7
P. haemolytica
0.03
0.016 - 0.03
52
17
Pasteurella sp.
0.008
0.06
0.002 - 0.06
Temafloxacin
46
16
P. multocida
£0.03
£0.03
£0.03
Levofloxacin
61
29
Pasteurella sp.
0.015
0.015
£0.008 - 0.06
49
54
Pasteurella sp.
0.008
0.016
0.004 - 0.016
47
55
Pasteurella sp.
0.008
0.016
0.004 - 0.016
50
31
Pasteurella sp.
0.016
0.03
0.008 - 0.03
55, 56
15
P. dagmatis - P. canis group
£0.015
0.03
£0.015 - 0.03
55, 56
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
£0.015
0.03
£0.015 - 0.03
55, 56
11
P. multocida ssp. septica
£0.015
0.03
£0.015 - 0.03
53, 54
11
P. canis
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015 - 0.03
53, 54
10
P. dagmatis
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015 - 0.03
53, 54
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
£0.015
0.03
£0.015 - 0.03
53, 54
15
P. multocida ssp. septica
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015 - 0.03
53, 54
11
P. stomatis
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
57
24
P. canis
0.015
0.015
0.004 - 0.015
57
12
P. dagmatis
0.015
0.015
0.008 - 0.015
57
61
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.015
0.015
0.008 - 0.03
57
45
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.015
0.03
0.008 - 0.03
57
21
P. stomatis
0.008
0.015
0.008 - 0.015
57
19
Pasteurella species
0.03
0.06
0.008 - 0.06
52
30
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.016
0.03
0.008 - 0.03
52
43
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.016
0.03
0.008 - 0.03
52
21
P. canis
0.008
0.016
0.002 - 0.016
52
19
P. stomatis
0.016
0.016
0.008 - 0.016
52
7
P. haemolytica
0.03
0.03 - 0.06
52
17
Pasteurella sp.
0.016
0.03
0.008 - 0.06
Trovafloxacin
48
55
Pasteurella sp.
0.008
0.03
0.002 - 0.125
52
30
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.016
0.016
0.008 - 0.03
52
43
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.008
0.016
0.004 - 0.016
52
21
P. canis
0.008
0.016
0.002 - 0.016
52
19
P. stomatis
0.008
0.016
0.008 - 0.03
52
7
P. haemolytica
0.06
0.016 - 0.125
17
Pasteurella sp.
0.016
0.125
0.008 - 0.125
Moxifloxacin
47
55
Pasteurella sp.
0.008
0.016
0.004 - 0.06
56
15
P. dagmatis - P. canis group
£0.015
00.03
£0.015 - 0.03
56
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
£0.015
00.03
£0.015 - 0.03
56
11
P. multocida ssp. septica
£0.015
00.03
£0.015 - 0.03
57
24
P. canis
0.008
0.015
0.008 - 0.015
57
12
P. dagmatis
0.015
0.03
0.008 - 0.03
57
61
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.015
0.015
0.008 - 0.03
57
45
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.015
0.03
0.008 - 0.03
57
21
P. stomatis
0.008
0.015
0.008 - 0.015
57
19
Pasteurella species
0.015
0.06
0.003 - 0.125
54
11
P. canis
£0.015
0.03
£0.015 - 0.03
54
10
P. dagmatis
£0.015
0.03
£0.015 - 0.06
54
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
£0.015
0.06
£0.015 - 0.06
54
15
P. multocida ssp. septica
£0.015
0.03
£0.015 - 0.03
54
11
P. stomatis
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
Bay y3118
61
29
Pasteurella sp.
0.004
0.008
£0.004 - 0.008
BMS-284756
56
15
P. dagmatis - P. canis group
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
56
15
P. multocida ssp. multocida
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
56
11
P. multocida ssp. septica
£0.015
£0.015
£0.015
57
24
P. canis
0.004
0.008
0.001 - 0.015
57
12
P. dagmatis
0.008
0.015
0.004 - 0.015
57
61
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.008
0.008
0.001 - 0.015
57
45
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.008
0.008
0.001 - 0.015
57
21
P. stomatis
0.004
0.008
0.001 - 0.008
57
19
Pasteurella sp.
0.015
0.06
0.004 - 0.06
Gatifloxacin
52
30
P. multocida ssp. multocida
0.016
0.016
0.008 - 0.03
52
43
P. multocida ssp. septica
0.016
0.016
0.008 - 0.03
52
21
P. canis
0.008
0.016
0.004 - 0.016
52
19
P. stomatis
0.008
0.016
0.002 - 0.016
52
7
P. haemolytica
0.016
0.008 - 0.03
52
17
Pasteurella sp.
0.016
0.03
0.008 - 0.03
Aminocyclitols
Antimicrobial Agent
Reference
#
Species
MIC50
MIC90
Range
Amikacin
140
19
P. multocida
32
32
Streptomycin
140
19
P. multocida
32
32
Gentamicin
140
19
P. multocida
2
2
Tobramycin
140
19
P. multocida
4
4
Others
Antimicrobial Agent
Reference
#
Species
MIC50
MIC90
Range
Chloramphenicol
123
13-15
P. multocida
0.4
127
14
Pasteurella sp.
1.6
140
19
P. multocida
0.25
0.5
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
61
29
Pasteurella sp.
0.06
0.25
£0.03 - 0.25
60
22
P. multocida
0.5
2
£0.06 - 8
140
19
P. multocida
0.5
1
Sulfadiazine
140
19
P. multocida
4
128
Rifampin
140
19
P. multocida
0.5
1
Vancomycin
51
30
P. multocida ssp. multocida
>32
>32
>32
51
43
P. multocida ssp. septica
>32
>32
>32
51
21
P. canis
>32
>32
8 - >32
51
11
P. dagmatis
>32
>32
8 - >32
51
19
P. stomatis
>32
>32
>32
51
7
P. haemolytica
>32
>32
51
17
Pasteurella species
>32
>32
>32
Teicoplanin
51
30
P. multocida ssp. multocida
>32
>32
>32
51
43
P. multocida ssp. septica
>32
>32
32 - >32
51
21
P. canis
>32
>32
16 - >32
51
11
P. dagmatis
>32
>32
>32
51
19
P. stomatis
>32
>32
16 - >32
51
7
P. haemolytica
>32
>32
51
17
Pasteurella sp.
>32
>32
>32
Linezolid
51
30
P. multocida ssp. multocida
2
2
1 - 2
51
43
P. multocida ssp. septica
2
2
1 - 2
51
21
P. canis
2
2
1 - 8
51
11
P. dagmatis
2
4
0.5 - 4
51
19
P. stomatis
4
8
1 - 16
51
7
P. haemolytica
>32
>32
51
17
Pasteurella sp.
2
32
1 - >32
* The NCCLS has not established breakpoints for Pasteurella species.