Table 1.  Animal Sources of Pasteurella Species.

Animals from which Pasteurella

species have been isolated

Animal sources of Pasteurella implicated in human disease

Dog

Cat

Tiger

Lion

Panther

Lynx

Cattle

Buffalo

Bison

Sheep

Reindeer

Tortoise

Horse

Pig

Mouse

Rat

Mink

Rabbit

Guinea pig

Syrian hamster

Wild birds and raptors

Fowl

Monkey 

Dog

Wolf

Cat

Tiger

Lion

Panther

Cattle

Horse

Pig

Rabbit

Guinea pig

Opossum

Tasmanian devil

Bird

Fish

 

(References:  9, 14, 22, 25, 31, 43, 59, 73, 86, 100-101, 119, 125, 139-135)


 

Table 2.  Human Diseases Associated with Various Pasteurella Species. 

Skin and Soft Tissue Infection

Serious Invasive Disease

  bites

Cardiovascular System

  cellulitis

  bacteremia

  abscess          

  septic shock

  open wound infection

  endocarditis

 

  pericarditis

Bone and Joint Infection

Central Nervous System

  osteomyelitis

 brain abscess

  septic arthritis

  meningitis   

  bursitis

  subdural empyema

  tenosynovitis

Gastrointestinal Tract

 

  peritonitis

Oral and Respiratory Infection

  omental and peritoneal abscess

  tonsillitis

  liver abscess

  sinusitis

  spleen abscess

  pharyngitis

Genitourinary Tract

  bronchitis

  renal abscess

  tracheobronchitis

  vaginitis

  epiglottitis

  cervicitis

  mastoiditis

  Bartholin gland abscess

  pneumonia

  urinary tract infection

  empyema

  cystitis

  submandibular abscess

  pyelonephritis

  otitis media

  infected ileal loop

  Ludwig’s angina

  epididymitis

  pulmonary fibrosis

  salpingitis

 

  tubo-ovarian abscess

 

  chorioamnionitis

 

  opuerperal infection

 

  in utero infection

 

Ocular

 

  endophthalmitis

 

  conjunctivitis

 

  keratitis

 

  corneal ulcer

(References:  2-3, 11, 16, 20, 24, 27, 31, 34, 39, 41, 69, 71, 73, 77, 83-84, 90, 105, 108, 114-115, 122, 130-131, 136, 140, 144)


 

Table 3.  New Taxonomic Classification of Pasteurella Species. 

Proposed species of

Pasteurella sensu stricto

Comment

 Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida

 most common isolate, especially from cat bites; may produce a toxin 

Pasteurella multocida subsp. septica

associated with more serious infections including meningitis 

Pasteurella multocida subsp. gallicida

animal pathogen 

Pasteurella dagmatis

prior Pasteurella "gas" - Pasteurella new species 1 - Pasteurella pneumotropica type Henriksen group; isolated from dogs and cats, as well as human bite wound infections 

Pasteurella gallinarum

 

Pasteurella canis

prior P. multocida biotype 6 ("dog type" strains); biotype 1 isolated from dogs and dog bite wounds (indole positive); biotype 2 isolated from calves (indole negative); may produce a toxin  

Pasteurella stomatis

isolated from the respiratory tracts of dogs and cats 

Pasteurella avium

prior Haemophilus avium; V-factor requirement varies; isolated from chickens and calves

Pasteurella volantium

prior Haemophilus avium; V-factor required; isolated from domestic fowl and humans

Pasteurella anatis

Bisgaard taxon 1; isolated from the intestinal tracts of ducks

Pasteurella langaa

Bisgaard taxon 4; isolated from the respiratory tract of chickens 

Pasteurella species A (provisional)

prior Haemophilus avium; V-factor required 

Pasteurella species B (provisional)

unknown clinical significance; includes dulcitol positive strains of P. multocida biotype 6 

Species with low homology to

Pasteurella sensu stricto

Comment

Pasteurella testudinis

more closely related to Actinobacillus group 

Pasteurella pneumotropica

more closely related to Actinobacillus group 

prior Pasteurella ureae

currently Actinobacillus ureae 

Pasteurella haemolytica complex

Proposed genus Mannheimia: M. haemolytica, M. glucosida, M. ruminalis, M. granulomatis, M. varigena

Pasteurella aerogenes

taxonomic position unknown

Pasteurella bettyae

prior P. bettii, Pasteurella biotype 1, CDC Group HB-5; isolated from human Bartholin gland abscesses and human finger infections; taxonomic position unknown 

Pasteurella caballi

first isolated from horses

Pasteurella "SP" Group

isolated from guinea pigs 

Pasteurella lymphangitidis

bovine lymphangitis group, isolated from lymphangitis in cattle; taxonomic position unknown 

Pasteurella mairi

associated with swine abortion 

Pasteurella trehalosi

associated with septicemia in lambs;  low DNA homology with accepted Pasteurella species, but 16S rRNA sequence homology clusters with Pasteurella species

 (References:  4, 9, 28, 30, 100-102, 119, 124-125)

 

Table 4.  Summary Of The Activity Of The Various Antimicrobial Agents Against Pasteurella Species.* 

b-Lactams (Penicillins) and b-Lactam plus b-Lactam Inhibitors

Antimicrobial Agent

Reference

#

Species

MIC50

MIC90

Range

Penicillin G

5

82

 

0.25

0.25

0.125 - 0.5

 

58

20

P. multocida

 

0.1

 

 

45

20

P. multocida

0.125

0.125

£0.03 - 0.125

 

46

16

P. multocida

0.125

0.25

£0.03 - 0.25

 

61

29

Pasteurella sp.

0.125

0.5

£0.03 - 32

 

47

55

Pasteurella sp.

0.06

0.06

0.03 - 0.5

 

60

22

P. multocida

£0.06

0.25

<0.06 - 32

 

123

13-15

P. multocida

0.8

 

 

 

127

14

P. multocida

1.6

 

 

 

140

19

P. multocida

0.125

0.125

 

 

53, 54

11

P. canis

0.125

0.125

0.03 - 0.125

 

53, 54

10

P. dagmatis

0.06

0.125

0.03 - 0.125

 

53, 54

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.125

0.25

0.06 - 0.25

 

53, 54

15

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.125

0.125

0.06 - 0.125

 

53, 54

11

P. stomatis

0.06

0.125

£0.015 - 0.06

 

56

15

P. dagmatis - P. canis group

0.125

0.125

£0.06 - 0.25

 

56

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.25

0.25

0.125 - 0.25

 

56

11

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.25

0.25

0.125 - 0.25

 

57

24

P. canis

0.06

0.125

0.02 - 0.125

 

57

12

P. dagmatis

0.06

0.125

0.02 - 0.125

 

57

61

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.125

0.125

0.03 - 0.125

 

57

45

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.125

0.125

0.02 - 0.125

 

57

21

P. stomatis

0.06

0.06

0.02 - 0.125

 

57

19

Pasteurella sp.

0.125

>8

0.06 - >8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Penicillin VK

140

15

P. multocida

0.25

0.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amoxicillin

5

82

P. multocida

0.125

0.25

0.06 - 0.25

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amoxicillin/

Clavulanate

58

20

P. multocida

 

0.2

 

 

45

20

P. multocida

0.125

0.25

£0.03 - 0.5

 

46

16

P. multocida

0.25

0.25

0.125 - 0.25

 

 

55, 56

15

P. dagmatis - P. canis group

0.125

0.25

£0.06 - 0.25

 

55, 56

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.25

0.25

0.125 - 0.25

 

55, 56

11

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.25

0.25

0.125 - 0.25

 

57

24

P. canis

0.125

0.25

0.02 - 0.25

 

57

12

P. dagmatis

0.125

0.25

0.02 - 0.25

 

57

61

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.25

0.25

0.125 - 0.25

 

57

45

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.25

0.25

0.06 - 0.25

 

57

21

P. stomatis

0.125

0.25

0.02 - 0.25

 

57

19

Pasteurella sp.

0.125

0.25

0.02 - 0.25

 

51, 52

30

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.25

0.25

0.06 - 0.25

 

51, 52

43

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.25

0.5

0.06 - 0.5

 

51, 52

21

P. canis

0.125

0.25

0.03 - 0.25

 

51

11

P. dagmatis

0.125

0.25

0.06 - 0.25

 

51, 52

19

P. stomatis

0.125

0.25

0.06 - 0.25

 

51, 52

7

P. haemolytica

0.06

 

0.06 - 0.25

 

51, 52

17

Pasteurella sp.

0.25

0.25

0.06 - 0.25

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ampicillin

58

20

P. multocida

 

0.2

 

 

45

20

P. multocida

0.125

0.25

£0.03 - 0.25

 

123

13-15

P. multocida

0.2

 

 

 

127

14

P. multocida

0.8

 

 

 

140

19

P. multocida

0.25

0.25

 

 

50

31

Pasteurella sp.

0.06

0.125

£0.016 - 0.125

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ampicillin/

Sulbactam

55, 56

15

P. dagmatis - P. canis group

0.125

0.125

£0.06 - 0.25

 

55, 56

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.25

0.25

0.125 - 0.25

 

55, 56

11

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.25

0.25

0.25

 

53

11

P. canis

0.125

0.125

0.03 - 0.125

 

53

10

P. dagmatis

0.06

0.125

0.06 - 0.125

 

53

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.125

0.25

0.125 - 0.25

 

53

15

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.125

0.125

0.06 - 0.125

 

53

11

P. stomatis

0.06

0.125

0.06 - 0.125

 

57

24

P. canis

0.125

0.125

0.02 - 0.25

 

57

12

P. dagmatis

0.125

0.125

0.06 - 0.125

 

57

61

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.25

0.25

0.06 - 0.25

 

57

45

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.25

0.25

0.06 - 0.25

 

57

21

P. stomatis

0.06

0.125

0.02 - 0.25

 

57

19

Pasteurella sp.

0.125

0.25

0.02 - 2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dicloxacillin

123

13-15

P. multocida

6.2

 

 

 

127

14

P. multocida

12.5

 

 

 

140

19

P. multocida

8

16

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oxacillin

60

22

P. multocida

1

8

<0.06 - >64

 

55

15

P. dagmatis - P. canis group

2

4

0.5 - 4

 

55

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

2

2

1 - 4

 

55

11

P. multocida ssp. septica

2

2

1 - 4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nafcillin

140

19

P. multocida

4

4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ticarcillin

140

19

P. multocida

0.5

0.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ticarcillin/

Clavulanate

55

15

P. dagmatis - P. canis group

0.06

0.06

£0.015 - 0.125

 

55

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.06

0.0125

£0.015 - 0.125

 

55

11

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.125

0.125

0.03 - 0.125

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Piperacillin/

Tazobactam

55

15

P. dagmatis - P. canis group

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

55

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

55

11

P. multocida ssp. septica

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mezlocillin

140

19

P. multocida

0.06

0.125

 

 Carbapenems

Antimicrobial Agent

Reference

#

Species

MIC50

MIC90

Range

Ertapenem

55

15

P. dagmatis - P. canis group

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

55

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

55

11

P. multocida ssp. septica

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

Cephalosporins and Other Cephems

Antimicrobial Agent

Reference

#

Species

MIC50

MIC90

Range

Cefalexin

58

20

P. multocida

 

4

 

 

45

20

P. multocida

4

4

0.25 - 4

 

61

29

Pasteurella sp.

2

2

0.5 - 16

 

60

22

P. multocida

0.25

1

£0.06 - 2

 

74

35

P. multocida

2.56

5.12

1.28 - 10.24

 

123

13-15

P. multocida

3.1

 

 

 

127

14

P. multocida

6.3

 

 

 

140

19

P. multocida

4

16

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cephalothin

46

16

P. multocida

0.25

0.25

0.125 - 25

 

140

19

P. multocida

2

4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cefadroxil

58

20

P. multocida

 

8

 

 

45

20

P. multocida

4

8

0.5 - 16

 

61

29

Pasteurella sp.

4

4

0.06 - 8

 

74

35

P. multocida

5.12

10.24

5.12 - 20.48

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cefaclor

5

82

P. multocida

2

8

1 - 8

 

74

35

P. multocida

0.64

2.56

0.32 - 2.56

 

140

19

P. multocida

4

32

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cephapirin

140

19

P. multocida

0.5

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cefazolin

140

19

P. multocida

1

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cefoxitin

140

15

P. multocida

1

2

 

 

57

24

P. canis

0.5

0.5

0.02 - 1

 

57

12

P. dagmatis

0.25

0.5

0.125 - 0.5

 

57

61

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.5

1

0.25 - 1

 

57

45

P. multocida ssp. septica

1

1

0.25 - 1

 

57

21

P. stomatis

0.5

0.5

0.25 - 1

 

57

19

Pasteurella sp.

0.5

1

0.25 - 2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cefamandole

140

19

P. multocida

0.125

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cefepime

55

15

P. dagmatis - P. canis group

0.03

0.03

£0.015 - 0.125

 

55

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.06

0.125

0.03 - 0.125

 

55

11

P. multocida ssp. septica

1

0.125

0.03 - 0.125

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cefuroxime

5

82

P. multocida

0.125

0.25

0.125 - 1

 

58

20

P. multocida

 

0.25

 

 

45

20

P. multocida

0.125

0.25

£0.03 - 0.25

 

47

55

Pasteurella sp.

0.06

0.06

0.016 - 0.125

 

74

35

P. multocida

0.16

1.28

0.08 - 2.56

 

53

11

P. canis

0.06

0.125

0.03 - 0.125

 

53

10

P. dagmatis

0.03

0.06

£0.015 - 0.06

 

53

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.125

0.5

0.06 - 0.5

 

53

15

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.125

0.125

0.06 - 0.125

 

53

11

P. stomatis

0.03

0.06

£0.015 - 0.06

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cefotaxime

5

82

P. multocida

0.06

0.125

<0.03 - 0.125

 

140

19

P. multocida

0.06

0.06

 

 

50

31

Pasteurella sp.

£0.016

£0.016

£0.016 - 0.016

 

53

11

P. canis

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

53

10

P. dagmatis

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

53

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

£0.015

0.03

£0.015 - 0.03

 

53

15

P. multocida ssp. septica

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

53

11

P. stomatis

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ceftriaxone

5

82

P. multocida

0.06

0.125

£0.03 - 0.125

 

55

15

P. dagmatis - P. canis group

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

55

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

55

11

P. multocida ssp. septica

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cefixime

5

82

P. multocida

0.03

0.06

£0.03 - 0.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cefpodoxime

5

82

P. multocida

0.03

0.06

<0.03 - 0.125

 

47

55

Pasteurella sp.

0.03

0.03

0.016 - 0.06

 

50

31

Pasteurella sp.

0.03

0.03

£0.016 - 0.06

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cefprozil

61

29

Pasteurella sp.

0.25

0.5

0.125 - 8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cefotetan

55, 56

15

P. dagmatis - P. canis group

0.125

0.125

£0.06 - 0.25

 

55, 56

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.25

0.25

0.125 - 0.25

 

55, 56

11

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.25

0.25

0.125 - 0.25

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loracarbef

61

29

Pasteurella sp.

0.25

0.25

0.06 - 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cefcanel

74

35

P. multocida

0.08

0.32

0.08 - 0.64

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Moxalactam

140

19

P. multocida

0.25

0.25

 

 Macrolides/Ketolides

Antimicrobial Agent

Reference

#

Species

MIC50

MIC90

Range

Erythromycin

46

16

P. multocida

2

4

1 - 4

 

61

29

Pasteurella sp.

2

4

0.5 - 4

 

60

22

P. multocida

1

4

£0.06 - >32

 

123

13-15

P. multocida

3.1

 

 

 

127

14

P. multocida

3.1

 

 

 

140

19

P. multocida

4

8

 

 

50

31

Pasteurella sp.

4

4

1 - 4

 

53, 54

11

P. canis

2

2

1 - 2

 

53, 54

10

P. dagmatis

1

2

0.25 - 2

 

53, 54

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

2

2

0.25 - 2

 

53, 54

15

P. multocida ssp. septica

2

2

1 - 2

 

53, 54

11

P. stomatis

0.5

2

0.5 - 2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Clarithromycin

46

16

P. multocida

2

2

1-2

 

47

55

Pasteurella sp.

1

2

0.125 - 8

 

50

31

Pasteurella sp.

2

2

0.25 - 4

 

53

11

P. canis

4

4

2 - 4

 

53

10

P. dagmatis

1

4

0.25 - 4

 

53

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

4

8

0.125 - 8

 

53

15

P. multocida ssp. septica

4

8

2 - 8

 

53

11

P. stomatis

2

4

0.5 - 4

 

51

30

P. multocida ssp. multocida

2

2

0.125 - 4

 

51

43

P. multocida ssp. septica

2

2

0.25 - 4

 

51

21

P. canis

1

2

1 - 2

 

51

11

P. dagmatis

1

2

0.125 - 2

 

51

19

P. stomatis

1

2

0.5 - 2

 

51

7

P. haemolytica

2

 

1 - 4

 

51

17

Pasteurella sp.

2

2

1 - 4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Azithromycin

61

29

Pasteurella sp.

1

2

0.25 - 2

 

47

55

Pasteurella sp.

0.125

0.25

0.03 - 0.5

 

50

31

Pasteurella sp.

1

1

0.06 - 1

 

53, 54

11

P. canis

0.5

0.5

0.25 - 0.5

 

53, 54

10

P. dagmatis

0.25

0.5

0.06 - 0.5

 

53, 54

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.5

0.5

0.06 - 1

 

53, 54

15

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.5

0.5

0.5

 

53, 54

11

P. stomatis

0.25

0.5

0.125 - 0.5

 

51

30

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.5

1

0.125 - 1

 

51

43

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.5

1

0.125 - 1

 

51

21

P. canis

0.25

0.25

0.125 - 0.25

 

51

11

P. dagmatis

0.125

0.5

£0.03 - 0.5

 

51

19

P. stomatis

0.25

0.5

0.06 - 0.5

 

51

7

P. haemolytica

1

 

0.5 - 1

 

51

17

Pasteurella sp.

.05

1

0.25 - 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Roxithromycin

53

11

P. canis

4

4

2 - 4

 

53

10

P. dagmatis

1

4

0.5 - 4

 

53

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

4

8

0.5 - 8

 

53

15

P. multocida ssp. septica

4

8

4 - 8

 

53

11

P. stomatis

2

4

0.5 - 4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

RU-64004

50

31

P. multocida

0.5

0.5

0.06 - 0.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Telithromycin

50

31

P. multocida

1

1

0.125 - 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ABT-773

53

11

P. canis

0.5

0.5

0.5 - 1

 

53

10

P. dagmatis

0.25

0.5

0.125 - 1

 

53

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

1

1

0.125 - 2

 

53

15

P. multocida ssp. septica

1

1

0.5 - 1

 

53

11

P. stomatis

0.5

1

0.125 - 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Clindamycin

123

13-15

P. multocida

25

 

 

 

127

14

P. multocida

25

 

 

 

140

19

P. multocida

16

32

 

 

51

30

P. multocida ssp. multocida

32

>32

8 - >32

 

51

43

P. multocida ssp. septica

32

>32

8 - >32

 

51

21

P. canis

32

32

4 - >32

 

51

11

P. dagmatis

32

32

2 - 32

 

51

19

P. stomatis

32

32

2 - >32

 

51

7

P. haemolytica

16

 

2 - 16

 

51

17

Pasteurella sp.

32

32

2 - 32

Tetracyclines

Antimicrobial Agent

Reference

#

Species

MIC50

MIC90

Range

Doxycycline

61

29

Pasteurella sp.

0.125

0.125

£0.125 - 0.5

 

47

55

Pasteurella sp.

0.06

0.125

0.03 - 0.5

 

55, 56

15

P. dagmatis - P. canis group

0.125

0.125

0.125 - 0.25

 

55, 56

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.125

0.125

0.125 - 0.25

 

55, 56

11

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.125

0.125

0.125 - 0.25

 

57

24

P. canis

0.125

0.125

0.05 - 0.25

 

57

12

P. dagmatis

0.125

0.125

0.125 - 0.25

 

57

61

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.125

0.125

0.05 - 0.25

 

57

45

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.125

0.125

0.06 - 0.25

 

57

21

P. stomatis

0.125

0.25

0.125 - 0.25

 

57

19

Pasteurella sp.

0.5

>8

0.125 - >8

 

53

11

P. canis

0.125

0.25

0.125 - 0.25

 

53

10

P. dagmatis

0.25

0.25

0.125 - 0.5

 

53

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.25

0.25

0.125 - 0.25

 

53

15

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.125

0.125

0.125 - 0.25

 

53

11

P. stomatis

0.25

0.25

0.125 - 0.25

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tetracycline

58

20

P. multocida

 

0.5

 

 

45

20

P. multocida

0.5

0.5

0.25 - 1

 

46

16

P. multocida

0.5

0.5

0.25 - 1

 

123

13-15

P. multocida

0.8

 

 

 

127

14

P. multocida

0.09

 

 

 

140

19

P. multocida

0.25

0.5

 

 

50

31

Pasteurella sp.

0.25

0.5

0.125 - 1

 

53, 54

11

P. canis

0.125

0.25

0.125 - 0.25

 

53, 54

10

P. dagmatis

0.25

0.25

0.125 - 0.5

 

53, 54

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.25

0.25

0.125 - 0.25

 

53, 54

15

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.25

0.25

0.125 - 0.25

 

53, 54

11

P. stomatis

0.25

0.5

0.125 - 0.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Minocycline

60

22

P. multocida

0.25

0.25

£0.06 - 4

 

140

19

P. multocida

0.25

0.25

 

 

54

11

P. canis

0.125

0.125

0.06 - 0.125

 

54

10

P. dagmatis

0.125

0.125

0.06 - 0.125

 

54

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.06

0.125

0.03 - 0.125

 

54

15

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.06

0.125

0.06 - 0.125

 

54

11

P. stomatis

0.06

0.125

0.03 - 0.125

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

GAR-936

54

11

P. canis

0.06

0.06

0.06

 

54

10

P. dagmatis

0.06

0.06

0.03 - 0.06

 

54

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.06

0.06

0.06

 

54

15

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.06

0.06

0.06

 

54

11

P. stomatis

0.06

0.125

0.03 - 0.125

 Quinolones

Antimicrobial Agent

Reference

#

Species

MIC50

MIC90

Range

Ciprofloxacin

45

20

P. multocida

£0.03

<0.03

£0.03

 

46

16

P. multocida

£0.03

£0.03

£0.03

 

61

29

Pasteurella sp.

0.008

0.015

£0.005 - 0.125

 

49

54

Pasteurella sp.

0.004

0.004

0.002 - 0.008

 

47

55

Pasteurella sp.

0.008

0.008

0.002 - 0.016

 

55, 56

15

P. dagmatis - P. canis group

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

55, 56

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

55, 56

11

P. multocida ssp. septica

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

52

30

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.016

0.016

0.004 - 0.03

 

52

43

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.016

0.016

0.004 - 0.03

 

52

21

P. canis

0.004

0.008

0.002 - 0.016

 

52

19

P. stomatis

0.008

0.016

0.004 - 0.016

 

52

7

P. haemolytica

0.016

 

0.016 - 0.03

 

52

17

Pasteurella sp.

0.016

0.03

0.004 - 0.03

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ofloxacin

45

20

P. multocida

£0.03

0.06

£0.03 - 0.25

 

46

16

P. multocida

£0.03

0.06

£0.03 - 0.06

 

61

29

Pasteurella sp.

0.03

0.06

£0.015 - 0.125

 

49

54

Pasteurella sp.

0.016

0.03

0.008 - 0.06

 

47

55

Pasteurella sp.

0.016

0.03

0.008 - 0.06

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Enoxacin

45

20

P. multocida

0.12

0.5

<0.03 - 0.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sparfloxacin

46

16

P. multocida

£0.03

£0.03

£0.03 - £0.03

 

61

29

Pasteurella sp.

0.004

0.008

£0.004 - 0.015

 

49

54

Pasteurella sp.

0.002

0.004

0.001 - 0.016

 

47

55

Pasteurella sp.

0.002

0.004

0.001 - 0.016

 

52

30

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.008

0.008

0.004 - 0.008

 

52

43

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.008

0.016

0.002 - 0.016

 

52

21

P. canis

0.008

0.016

£0.001 - 0.016

 

52

19

P. stomatis

0.004

0.008

0.002 - 0.008

 

52

7

P. haemolytica

0.016

 

0.016 - 0.03

 

52

17

Pasteurella species

0.008

0.06

0.002 - 0.06

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Grepafloxacin

52

30

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.004

0.008

0.004 - 0.008

 

52

43

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.008

0.016

0.004 - 0.016

 

52

21

P. canis

0.004

0.016

£0.001 - 0.016

 

52

19

P. stomatis

0.004

0.008

0.002 - 0.016

 

52

7

P. haemolytica

0.03

 

0.016 - 0.03

 

52

17

Pasteurella sp.

0.008

0.06

0.002 - 0.06

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Temafloxacin

46

16

P. multocida

£0.03

£0.03

£0.03

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Levofloxacin

61

29

Pasteurella sp.

0.015

0.015

£0.008 - 0.06

 

49

54

Pasteurella sp.

0.008

0.016

0.004 - 0.016

 

47

55

Pasteurella sp.

0.008

0.016

0.004 - 0.016

 

50

31

Pasteurella sp.

0.016

0.03

0.008 - 0.03

 

55, 56

15

P. dagmatis - P. canis group

£0.015

0.03

£0.015 - 0.03

 

55, 56

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

£0.015

0.03

£0.015 - 0.03

 

55, 56

11

P. multocida ssp. septica

£0.015

0.03

£0.015 - 0.03

 

53, 54

11

P. canis

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015 - 0.03

 

53, 54

10

P. dagmatis

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015 - 0.03

 

53, 54

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

£0.015

0.03

£0.015 - 0.03

 

53, 54

15

P. multocida ssp. septica

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015 - 0.03

 

53, 54

11

P. stomatis

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

57

24

P. canis

0.015

0.015

0.004 - 0.015

 

57

12

P. dagmatis

0.015

0.015

0.008 - 0.015

 

57

61

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.015

0.015

0.008 - 0.03

 

57

45

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.015

0.03

0.008 - 0.03

 

57

21

P. stomatis

0.008

0.015

0.008 - 0.015

 

57

19

Pasteurella species

0.03

0.06

0.008 - 0.06

 

52

30

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.016

0.03

0.008 - 0.03

 

52

43

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.016

0.03

0.008 - 0.03

 

52

21

P. canis

0.008

0.016

0.002 - 0.016

 

52

19

P. stomatis

0.016

0.016

0.008 - 0.016

 

52

7

P. haemolytica

0.03

 

0.03 - 0.06

 

52

17

Pasteurella sp.

0.016

0.03

0.008 - 0.06

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trovafloxacin

48

55

Pasteurella sp.

0.008

0.03

0.002 - 0.125

 

52

30

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.016

0.016

0.008 - 0.03

 

52

43

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.008

0.016

0.004 - 0.016

 

52

21

P. canis

0.008

0.016

0.002 - 0.016

 

52

19

P. stomatis

0.008

0.016

0.008 - 0.03

 

52

7

P. haemolytica

0.06

 

0.016 - 0.125

 

 

17

Pasteurella sp.

0.016

0.125

0.008 - 0.125

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Moxifloxacin

47

55

Pasteurella sp.

0.008

0.016

0.004 - 0.06

 

56

15

P. dagmatis - P. canis group

£0.015

00.03

£0.015 - 0.03

 

56

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

£0.015

00.03

£0.015 - 0.03

 

56

11

P. multocida ssp. septica

£0.015

00.03

£0.015 - 0.03

 

57

24

P. canis

0.008

0.015

0.008 - 0.015

 

57

12

P. dagmatis

0.015

0.03

0.008 - 0.03

 

57

61

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.015

0.015

0.008 - 0.03

 

57

45

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.015

0.03

0.008 - 0.03

 

57

21

P. stomatis

0.008

0.015

0.008 - 0.015

 

57

19

Pasteurella species

0.015

0.06

0.003 - 0.125

 

54

11

P. canis

£0.015

0.03

£0.015 - 0.03

 

54

10

P. dagmatis

£0.015

0.03

£0.015 - 0.06

 

54

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

£0.015

0.06

£0.015 - 0.06

 

54

15

P. multocida ssp. septica

£0.015

0.03

£0.015 - 0.03

 

54

11

P. stomatis

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bay y3118

61

29

Pasteurella sp.

0.004

0.008

£0.004 - 0.008

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BMS-284756

56

15

P. dagmatis - P. canis group

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

56

15

P. multocida ssp. multocida

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

56

11

P. multocida ssp. septica

£0.015

£0.015

£0.015

 

57

24

P. canis

0.004

0.008

0.001 - 0.015

 

57

12

P. dagmatis

0.008

0.015

0.004 - 0.015

 

57

61

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.008

0.008

0.001 - 0.015

 

57

45

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.008

0.008

0.001 - 0.015

 

57

21

P. stomatis

0.004

0.008

0.001 - 0.008

 

57

19

Pasteurella sp.

0.015

0.06

0.004 - 0.06

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gatifloxacin

52

30

P. multocida ssp. multocida

0.016

0.016

0.008 - 0.03

 

52

43

P. multocida ssp. septica

0.016

0.016

0.008 - 0.03

 

52

21

P. canis

0.008

0.016

0.004 - 0.016

 

52

19

P. stomatis

0.008

0.016

0.002 - 0.016

 

52

7

P. haemolytica

0.016

 

0.008 - 0.03

 

52

17

Pasteurella sp.

0.016

0.03

0.008 - 0.03

 Aminocyclitols

Antimicrobial Agent

Reference

#

Species

MIC50

MIC90

Range

Amikacin

140

19

P. multocida

32

32

 

Streptomycin

140

19

P. multocida

32

32

 

Gentamicin

140

19

P. multocida

2

2

 

Tobramycin

140

19

P. multocida

4

4

 

Others

Antimicrobial Agent

Reference

#

Species

MIC50

MIC90

Range

Chloramphenicol

123

13-15

P. multocida

0.4

 

 

 

127

14

Pasteurella sp.

1.6

 

 

 

140

19

P. multocida

0.25

0.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole

61

29

Pasteurella sp.

0.06

0.25

£0.03 - 0.25

 

60

22

P. multocida

0.5

2

£0.06 - 8

 

140

19

P. multocida

0.5

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sulfadiazine

140

19

P. multocida

4

128

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rifampin

140

19

P. multocida

0.5

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vancomycin

51

30

P. multocida ssp. multocida

>32

>32

>32

 

51

43

P. multocida ssp. septica

>32

>32

>32

 

51

21

P. canis

>32

>32

8 - >32

 

51

11

P. dagmatis

>32

>32

8 - >32

 

51

19

P. stomatis

>32

>32

>32

 

51

7

P. haemolytica

>32

 

>32

 

51

17

Pasteurella species

>32

>32

>32

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Teicoplanin

51

30

P. multocida ssp. multocida

>32

>32

>32

 

51

43

P. multocida ssp. septica

>32

>32

32 - >32

 

51

21

P. canis

>32

>32

16 - >32

 

51

11

P. dagmatis

>32

>32

>32

 

51

19

P. stomatis

>32

>32

16 - >32

 

51

7

P. haemolytica

>32

 

>32

 

51

17

Pasteurella sp.

>32

>32

>32

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Linezolid

51

30

P. multocida ssp. multocida

2

2

1 - 2

 

51

43

P. multocida ssp. septica

2

2

1 - 2

 

51

21

P. canis

2

2

1 - 8

 

51

11

P. dagmatis

2

4

0.5 - 4

 

51

19

P. stomatis

4

8

1 - 16

 

51

7

P. haemolytica

>32

 

>32

 

51

17

Pasteurella sp.

2

32

1 - >32

 * The NCCLS has not established breakpoints for Pasteurella species.